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Power Transformers




Electrical Substations



Substation Protection

Safe Grounding in Substations

How to guard utility personnel from shock hazards BY JEFF JOWETT, Megger In the power industry, safety is just as important a function as performance. Safety considerations, parameters, and methods of implementation are an integral part of any electrical system. A most important element is the...

Substation Protection

Protective Relay Frustrations

Solving misoperation with line parameter measurements BY WILL KNAPEK, OMICRON USA Between 80 to 90 percent of all power system faults involve ground. Many protective relaying schemes depend on ground distance protection to accurately sense and locate ground faults on multi-terminal sub-transmission...

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Fig.1: Fundamental model with different layers of conductivities (S/m) assigned along with color codes

Computer Simulation of Grounding Applications

Computer simulation of grounding applications are important for power generation and distribution. INTEGRATED’s proprietary Boundary Element Method (BEM) solver simulates various types of grounding scenarios very efficiently, especially in the HVDC domain of power/energy industries and in applications involving open regions for electromagnetic field computations.

Below is a case, where INTEGRATED’s COULOMB has been used to simulate a HVDC grounding system. The model consists of 648 volumes, which have been assigned specific conductivities....

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