Power Transformers & Electrical Substations

Power Transformers

Power Transformer Failures

Electric utilities maximize utilization of their assets, while maintaining reliability. Power transformers are typically reliable, but have been known to fail suddenly and/or prematurely. Transformer failures are both costly and can leave customers dissatisfied, harming the reputation of a utility....

Dielectric Fluids

Advancements in Dissolved Gas Analysis: Accounting for Gas Loss

Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) in transformers is a very successful periodic screening method to identify transformers that may be having problems. It is a symptom-based assessment of health, rather than a condition-based assessment. That is because the gases themselves do not cause failure, but are...

Dielectric Fluids

Advancements in Dissolved Gas Analysis: Investigating Failure Cases

IntroductionDissolved gas analysis (DGA) provides the early warning radar view of a transformer ﬂeet with a non-intrusive screening process for early identiﬁcation of problematic transformers. Suspicious transformers can be subjected to more invasive and costly physical testing to determine the...

Electrical Substations

Physical Security & Monitoring

Ensuring Compliance vs Building Resilience

The realization that the vast majority of substations have significant security vulnerabilities was crystalized after the Metcalf incident of April 2013, during which unknown assailants caused the failure of 17 transformers at the Silicon Valley PG&E transmission substation in Metcalf,...

Substation Testing & Maintenance

Condition Monitoring in an Age of Modernization How (and why) to Adapt

The widespread application and use of electricity, which may now seem like a simple commodity, is considered one of the greatest technical developments of all time. However, keeping up with today’s demand for power is anything but simple: a vast amount of resources goes into maintaining a...

Substation Technologies

Detect Electrical Discharge Defects with Ultrasound

Electrical discharge is more common than we’d like to believe; even in new installations. Detecting these defects poses a serious challenge, particularly at an early stage when there is still time to initiate corrective actions. Vigilant technologies help reduce the risk of arc flash...

Home Transformation

Transformation

Power Transformers Health Check

Power transformers are static electric machines used to step-up or step-down voltage in electric power applications. The capital cost of a power transformer in the range of 100MVA can be $1M or more and by the time it is under operation, the price is increased. The average age of installed large power transformers (LPTs) in the United States is approximately 45 years, with 70 percent of LPTs being 30 years or older. The lead time...

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