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Electrical Substations


Understanding the IEC 61850 Protocol in Substation Automation

The IEC 61850 protocol has become the global standard for substation automation, enabling high-speed communication, interoperability, and streamlined integration of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). It plays a foundational role in transforming traditional substations into digital substations...

Substation Testing & Maintenance

Properly Grounded Substations

Adequate utility grounding improves power quality, but more importantly, it is essential for worker safety as well as public protection. Design is critical in maintaining a safe equipotential environment all around the substation. Construction is important to accommodate fault currents without...

Substation Technologies

3-D Design for Electrical Substations

Exploring 3-D design techniques for electrical substations BY MIKE MINELLI, & HAROLD HARKONEN, Nordmin Engineering Since the 1970s, engineering consulting firms typically have been designing substations using two-dimensional computer aided design software (CAD). This common technique produces...

Power Transformers


Transformer Testing & Maintenance

Zensol new instrument for OLTC testing

According to CIGRE A2.34, the dynamic resistance measurement or DRM (OFFLINE) is a test that offers diagnostics for several diverter or selector switch malfunctions such as: contact problems, broken springs, broken transition resistors, poor contact pressure, inadequate transition time, momentary...


Transformation

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Case Study: Rapid Changes in Bushing Health

Introduction
Continuous online monitoring of bushings provides real-time information which can result in the early detection of a possible failure.

Challenge: A Major Alarm
A prominent U.S. utility was looking for a way to improve system reliability for their 138kV assets. They researched and reviewed options available on the market that included affordable bushing monitoring. After review, the utility chose to pilot the Dynamic Ratings’ C50 Transformer Monitor to see if it was worth the...

Transformation Articles